PHP 利用 Curl Functions 可以完成各种传送文件操作,比如模拟浏览器发送GET,POST请求等等,然而因为php语言本身不支持多线程,所以开发爬虫程序效率并不高,因此经常需要借助Curl Multi Functions 这个功能实现并发多线程的访问多个url地址以实现并发多线程抓取网页或者下载文件,至于具体实现过程,请参考下面几个例子:
(1)下面这段代码是实现抓取多个URL,然后将抓取的URL的页面代码写入指定的文件
$urls = array( 'http://www.phpernote.com/', 'http://www.google.com/', 'http://www.example.com/' ); // 设置要抓取的页面URL $save_to='/test.txt'; // 把抓取的代码写入该文件 $st = fopen($save_to,"a"); $mh = curl_multi_init(); foreach ($urls as $i => $url) { $conn[$i] = curl_init($url); curl_setopt($conn[$i], CURLOPT_USERAGENT, "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0)"); curl_setopt($conn[$i], CURLOPT_HEADER ,0); curl_setopt($conn[$i], CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT,60); curl_setopt($conn[$i], CURLOPT_FILE,$st); // 将爬取的代码写入文件 curl_multi_add_handle ($mh,$conn[$i]); } // 初始化 do { curl_multi_exec($mh,$active); } while ($active); // 执行 foreach ($urls as $i => $url) { curl_multi_remove_handle($mh,$conn[$i]); curl_close($conn[$i]); } // 结束清理 curl_multi_close($mh); fclose($st);
(2)下面这段代码和上面差不多意思,只不过这个地方是将获得的代码先放入变量,然后再将获取到的内容写入指定的文件
$urls = array( 'http://www.phpernote.com/', 'http://www.google.com/', 'http://www.example.com/' ); $save_to='/test.txt'; // 把抓取的代码写入该文件 $st = fopen($save_to,"a"); $mh = curl_multi_init(); foreach ($urls as $i => $url) { $conn[$i] = curl_init($url); curl_setopt($conn[$i], CURLOPT_USERAGENT, "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0)"); curl_setopt($conn[$i], CURLOPT_HEADER ,0); curl_setopt($conn[$i], CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT,60); curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,true); // 不将爬取代码写到浏览器,而是转化为字符串 curl_multi_add_handle ($mh,$conn[$i]); } do { curl_multi_exec($mh,$active); } while ($active); foreach ($urls as $i => $url) { $data = curl_multi_getcontent($conn[$i]); // 获得爬取的代码字符串 fwrite($st,$data); // 将字符串写入文件 } // 获得数据变量,并写入文件 foreach ($urls as $i => $url) { curl_multi_remove_handle($mh,$conn[$i]); curl_close($conn[$i]); } curl_multi_close($mh); fclose($st);
(3)下面这段代码实现的是利用 PHP 的 Curl Functions 实现并发多线程下载文件
$urls=array( 'http://www.phpernote.com/5w.zip', 'http://www.phpernote.com/5w.zip', 'http://www.phpernote.com/5w.zip' ); $save_to='./home/'; $mh=curl_multi_init(); foreach($urls as $i=>$url){ $g=$save_to.basename($url); if(!is_file($g)){ $conn[$i]=curl_init($url); $fp[$i]=fopen($g,"w"); curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_USERAGENT,"Mozilla/4.0(compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0)"); curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_FILE,$fp[$i]); curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_HEADER ,0); curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT,60); curl_multi_add_handle($mh,$conn[$i]); } } do{ $n=curl_multi_exec($mh,$active); }while($active); foreach($urls as $i=>$url){ curl_multi_remove_handle($mh,$conn[$i]); curl_close($conn[$i]); fclose($fp[$i]); } curl_multi_close($mh);$urls=array( 'http://www.phpernote.com/5w.zip', 'http://www.phpernote.com/5w.zip', 'http://www.phpernote.com/5w.zip' ); $save_to='./home/'; $mh=curl_multi_init(); foreach($urls as $i=>$url){ $g=$save_to.basename($url); if(!is_file($g)){ $conn[$i]=curl_init($url); $fp[$i]=fopen($g,"w"); curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_USERAGENT,"Mozilla/4.0(compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0)"); curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_FILE,$fp[$i]); curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_HEADER ,0); curl_setopt($conn[$i],CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT,60); curl_multi_add_handle($mh,$conn[$i]); } } do{ $n=curl_multi_exec($mh,$active); }while($active); foreach($urls as $i=>$url){ curl_multi_remove_handle($mh,$conn[$i]); curl_close($conn[$i]); fclose($fp[$i]); } curl_multi_close($mh);